what is the function of arrector pili muscles 9795728

ATI TEAS 7

TEAS 7 science practice questions

1. What is the function of arrector pili muscles?

A. To control sweat production
B. To contract and cause goosebumps
C. To produce sebum
D. To sense touch

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct function of arrector pili muscles is to contract and cause goosebumps. These small muscles are attached to hair follicles in mammals. When they contract, they cause the hair to stand on end, resulting in goosebumps. This physiological response is often triggered by cold temperatures or emotional states like fear, helping mammals conserve heat or appear larger in threatening situations. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Arrector pili muscles are not involved in controlling sweat production (Choice A), producing sebum (Choice C), or sensing touch (Choice D).

2. The term 'symbiotic relationship' describes an interaction between two organisms where:

A. One organism benefits and the other is unaffected
B. Both organisms are harmed by the interaction
C. One organism benefits and the other is negatively impacted
D. Both organisms benefit from the interaction

Correct answer: D

Rationale: In a symbiotic relationship, both organisms involved benefit from the interaction. This mutually beneficial relationship can take different forms, such as mutualism where both organisms benefit, commensalism where one organism benefits and the other is unaffected, or parasitism where one organism benefits at the expense of the other. In this case, the term 'symbiotic relationship' specifically refers to a scenario where both organisms derive some form of benefit from their interaction. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not accurately describe a symbiotic relationship. In symbiosis, both organisms benefit, making option D the correct choice.

3. Identify the type of clause in the sentence: 'While the rain poured, they huddled inside for warmth.'

A. Main clause
B. Subordinate clause
C. Appositive clause
D. Noun clause

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The clause 'While the rain poured' is a subordinate clause because it cannot stand alone as a complete sentence and provides additional information about the main action 'they huddled inside'. Subordinate clauses typically begin with subordinating conjunctions like 'while', 'because', 'if', etc. They rely on the main clause for context and meaning. In this sentence, the main action is 'they huddled inside,' making 'While the rain poured' a subordinate clause. The other choices are incorrect: An appositive clause renames or explains a noun, a noun clause functions as a noun within a sentence, and a main clause can stand alone as a complete sentence.

4. Apply the polynomial identity to rewrite (a + b)Â².

A. aÂ² + bÂ²
B. 2ab
C. aÂ² + 2ab + bÂ²
D. aÂ² - 2ab + bÂ²

Correct answer: C

Rationale: When you see something like (a + b)Â², it means you're multiplying (a + b) by itself: (a + b)Â² = (a + b) Ã— (a + b) To expand this, we use the distributive property (which says you multiply each term in the first bracket by each term in the second bracket): Multiply the first term in the first bracket (a) by both terms in the second bracket: a Ã— a = aÂ² a Ã— b = ab Multiply the second term in the first bracket (b) by both terms in the second bracket: b Ã— a = ab b Ã— b = bÂ² Now, add up all the results from the multiplication: aÂ² + ab + ab + bÂ² Since ab + ab is the same as 2ab, we can simplify it to: aÂ² + 2ab + bÂ² So, (a + b)Â² = aÂ² + 2ab + bÂ². This is known as a basic polynomial identity, and it shows that when you square a binomial (a two-term expression like a + b), you get three terms: the square of the first term (aÂ²), twice the product of the two terms (2ab), and the square of the second term (bÂ²). Therefore, the correct answer is C (aÂ² + 2ab + bÂ²)

5. What is the difference between the atomic number and the mass number of an atom?

A. The atomic number is the number of protons in the nucleus, while the mass number is the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus.
B. The atomic number is the number of electrons in an atom, while the mass number is the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus.
C. The atomic number is the number of neutrons in the nucleus, while the mass number is the total number of protons and electrons in an atom.
D. The atomic number is the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus, while the mass number is the total number of electrons in an atom.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The atomic number of an atom represents the number of protons in its nucleus, which defines the element's identity. On the other hand, the mass number corresponds to the total sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus. Therefore, the key distinction between the atomic number and the mass number lies in the fact that the atomic number specifically counts the protons, whereas the mass number encompasses both protons and neutrons. Choice B is incorrect because the atomic number is not related to the number of electrons but rather to the number of protons. Choice C is incorrect because the atomic number is not the number of neutrons but the number of protons. Choice D is incorrect because the atomic number does not include neutrons; it is solely the number of protons.