Nursing Elites

1. What is the primary function of the circulatory system?

• A. To regulate body temperature
• B. To transport oxygen and nutrients
• C. To fight infection
• D. To break down waste

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: To transport oxygen and nutrients. The primary function of the circulatory system is to deliver oxygen and essential nutrients to cells throughout the body and remove waste products like carbon dioxide. Choice A is incorrect as regulating body temperature is primarily the function of the body's thermoregulatory system. Choice C is incorrect as fighting infection is mainly the role of the immune system. Choice D is incorrect as breaking down waste is primarily handled by the digestive system.

2. Which phrase best describes the purpose of nonfiction writing?

• A. To inform, entertain, or persuade readers
• B. To entertain, then to inform
• C. To convince readers they're wrong about the author's subject
• D. None of the above

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'To inform, entertain, or persuade readers.' Nonfiction writing aims to provide factual information (inform), engage the audience (entertain), or influence their opinions (persuade). Choice B is incorrect because informing usually takes precedence over entertaining in nonfiction. Choice C is incorrect as the primary goal is not to convince readers they're wrong but rather to present information or arguments. Choice D is incorrect as there are clear purposes for nonfiction writing.

3. Which of the following sentences uses proper capitalization?

• A. Last summer, my family went on a trip to Niagara Falls in New York.
• B. Last summer, my family went on a trip to Niagara Falls in New York.
• C. Last summer, my family went on a trip to Niagara Falls in New York.
• D. Last summer, my family went on a trip to Niagara Falls in New York.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct sentence uses lowercase 'summer' and capitalizes 'Niagara Falls.' Choice A incorrectly capitalizes 'Summer,' while Choice B incorrectly capitalizes 'niagara falls' and should have 'New York' capitalized. Choice D incorrectly capitalizes 'Summer' and 'new york.'

4. What is the process by which damaged muscle tissue repairs and rebuilds itself?

• A. Degeneration
• B. Regeneration
• C. Hyperplasia
• D. Metaplasia

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Regeneration is the correct answer. It is the process by which damaged muscle tissue repairs and rebuilds itself. New muscle cells are formed during regeneration to replace the damaged ones, allowing the muscle to heal and regain its function. Degeneration refers to tissue breakdown, hyperplasia is the increase in the number of cells in an organ or tissue, and metaplasia is the transformation of one type of tissue into another.

5. Where would a nonpregnant patient with normal anatomy most commonly have pain in acute appendicitis?

• A. Right upper quadrant.
• B. Left upper quadrant.
• C. Right lower quadrant.
• D. Left lower quadrant.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: In acute appendicitis, nonpregnant patients with normal anatomy commonly experience pain in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen. The pain usually starts around the umbilicus or epigastric area and then migrates to the right lower quadrant as inflammation progresses in the appendix. This classic migration of pain is known as McBurney's point tenderness and is a key clinical feature in diagnosing appendicitis.

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