Nursing Elites

1. Which statement best details the central idea in this passage?

• A. It discusses insects that transition from water to air during their life cycle.
• B. It explores the field of entomology, particularly focusing on gills.
• C. It explains the mechanism of insects' respiration.
• D. It encourages readers to contribute to insect conservation efforts.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because the passage primarily discusses certain insects that spend time in water during their early stages and then transition to an aerial life when they reach adulthood. It highlights how these insects, such as Stoneflies, May-flies, and Dragon-flies, live in water initially and then in the air during their adult stage. This central idea is best captured by choice A. <br> Choice B is incorrect because while the passage mentions gills as a part of the respiratory system of aquatic insects, it does not delve into entomology as a field. Choice C is incorrect as it does not solely focus on defining insect respiration but rather on the transition of certain insects between aquatic and aerial environments. Choice D is incorrect as the passage does not explicitly invite readers to participate in insect preservation efforts; it mainly focuses on describing the life cycle of specific insects.

2. An atom has 5 protons, 5 neutrons, and 6 electrons. What is the electric charge of this atom?

• A. Neutral
• B. Positive
• C. Negative
• D. Undetermined

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is 'Negative.' An atom becomes negatively charged when it has more electrons than protons. In this case, the atom has 6 electrons and 5 protons, resulting in a net negative charge. Choice A 'Neutral' is incorrect because the atom is not balanced in terms of protons and electrons. Choice B 'Positive' is incorrect because having more electrons than protons results in a negative charge. Choice D 'Undetermined' is incorrect, as the charge can be determined based on the relative number of protons and electrons.

3. What is the equivalent temperature in Kelvin if the temperature is measured at 25 degrees Celsius?

• A. 298.15 K
• B. 273.15 K
• C. 250 K
• D. 25 K

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 298.15 K. The conversion from Celsius to Kelvin is K = C + 273.15. Therefore, 25°C is equivalent to 298.15 K, as 25 + 273.15 = 298.15. Choice B, 273.15 K, is the freezing point of water in Kelvin, not the equivalent of 25°C. Choice C, 250 K, and Choice D, 25 K, are incorrect conversions and do not align with the correct formula for converting Celsius to Kelvin.

4. What is 2.7834 rounded to the nearest tenth?

• A. 2.7
• B. 2.78
• C. 2.8
• D. 2.88

Correct answer: C

Rationale: To round 2.7834 to the nearest tenth, we look at the digit in the hundredths place, which is 8. Since 8 is greater than or equal to 5, the digit in the tenths place is rounded up. Therefore, 2.7834 rounded to the nearest tenth is 2.8. Choice A (2.7) is incorrect because rounding down would require the digit in the hundredths place to be less than 5. Choice B (2.78) is incorrect because rounding to the nearest tenth involves considering the digit in the hundredths place. Choice D (2.88) is incorrect as it goes beyond rounding to just the nearest tenth.

5. Which of the following statements about the autonomic nervous system (ANS) is true?

• A. It controls involuntary functions
• B. It contains motor (efferent) neurons
• C. It contains sensory (afferent) neurons
• D. It contains both parasympathetic and sympathetic nerves

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because the autonomic nervous system (ANS) is responsible for controlling involuntary functions and contains both parasympathetic and sympathetic nerves. Choices A and B are incorrect as they do not fully capture the role of the ANS. While the ANS does control involuntary functions, this is a broader concept than just the reflex arc. While the ANS does contain motor (efferent) neurons, it also includes sensory (afferent) neurons, which are not specifically mentioned in the question. Therefore, choice C is not fully accurate. Choice D provides the most accurate and comprehensive description of the autonomic nervous system by highlighting its components, the parasympathetic and sympathetic nerves, which work together to regulate various bodily functions.

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