Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following factors would increase the solubility of a gas in a liquid?

• A. Decreasing temperature
• B. Increasing pressure
• C. Decreasing surface area
• D. Increasing particle size

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is increasing pressure. According to Henry's Law, the solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the partial pressure of the gas above the liquid. Therefore, increasing pressure would force more gas molecules into the liquid, leading to an increase in solubility. Conversely, decreasing temperature, decreasing surface area, and increasing particle size would not directly impact the solubility of a gas in a liquid. Decreasing temperature typically decreases solubility as gases are less soluble at lower temperatures. Decreasing surface area and increasing particle size are related to surface area and not the pressure above the liquid, thus not affecting solubility as pressure does.

2. In meiosis, how many divisions occur, and how many daughter cells are produced?

• A. One division, two daughter cells
• B. Two divisions, four daughter cells
• C. Four divisions, eight daughter cells
• D. Eight divisions, sixteen daughter cells

Correct answer: B

Rationale: In meiosis, there are two divisions: meiosis I and meiosis II. During meiosis I, homologous chromosomes separate, resulting in two daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell. In meiosis II, sister chromatids separate, resulting in a total of four daughter cells, each with a haploid set of chromosomes. Therefore, meiosis involves two divisions and produces four daughter cells. Choice A is incorrect because meiosis involves two divisions, not one. Choice C and D are incorrect as meiosis does not go through four or eight divisions, resulting in eight or sixteen daughter cells.

3. The student studies diligently for her upcoming exam. Which word is the plural form of 'study'?

• A. studies
• B. studying
• C. studied
• D. studier

Correct answer: C

Rationale: In this context, 'study' is a verb, not a noun. 'Studied' is the past tense form of the verb 'study.' The plural form of a verb does not exist in the same way as it does for nouns. 'Studied' is the correct form for the past tense of 'study,' not a plural form. 'Studies' (choice A) is the third-person singular present tense form of 'study,' 'studying' (choice B) is the present participle form, and 'studier' (choice D) is not a correct form related to the verb 'study.' Therefore, 'studied' is the most appropriate choice here.

4. What principle explains the relationship between pressure, volume, and temperature for ideal gases?

• A. Law of conservation of energy
• B. Newton's laws of motion
• C. Ideal gas law
• D. Archimedes' principle

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is the Ideal Gas Law (Choice C). The ideal gas law, PV = nRT, describes the relationship between pressure (P), volume (V), temperature (T), and the number of moles of gas (n) for an ideal gas. It states that the product of pressure and volume is directly proportional to the absolute temperature of the gas when the number of moles is held constant. This law is a fundamental principle in understanding the behavior of ideal gases. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. The Law of conservation of energy (Choice A) pertains to the principle that energy cannot be created or destroyed; Newton's laws of motion (Choice B) describe the relationship between the motion of an object and the forces acting on it; Archimedes' principle (Choice D) deals with the buoyant force exerted on an object immersed in a fluid. These principles are not directly related to the relationship between pressure, volume, and temperature for ideal gases.

5. Leaping to the saddle, his horse bolted.

• A. His horse bolted as he leaped to the saddle.
• B. When he leaped to the saddle, his horse bolted.
• C. His horse bolted, he leaped to the saddle.
• D. He leaped to the saddle, his horse bolted.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Option B, 'When he leaped to the saddle, his horse bolted,' effectively removes the dangling modifier by clearly connecting the action of the subject ('he leaped to the saddle') with the consequence ('his horse bolted'). This restructuring ensures that the sentence is stylistically and logically clear. Choice A changes the order of the actions, which alters the original meaning. Choice C incorrectly places 'he leaped to the saddle' after 'His horse bolted,' leading to confusion. Choice D does not address the dangling modifier issue and maintains the original error in sentence structure.

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