Nursing Elites

1. Which neurotransmitter is involved in muscle movement?

• A. Dopamine
• B. Acetylcholine
• C. Serotonin
• D. GABA

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Acetylcholine is the neurotransmitter responsible for muscle movement. It is released from motor neurons at the neuromuscular junction and binds to receptors on muscle fibers, initiating muscle contraction. Dopamine, serotonin, and GABA serve different functions in the brain and body, such as regulating mood, sleep, and inhibitory signaling, respectively. Therefore, choices A, C, and D are incorrect in the context of muscle movement.

2. Which compound is a component of baking soda and is important for maintaining pH balance in the body?

• A. Potassium
• B. Sodium
• C. Calcium
• D. Sodium bicarbonate

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, Sodium bicarbonate. Sodium bicarbonate, commonly known as baking soda, is a compound that plays a crucial role in maintaining pH balance in the body. When ingested, sodium bicarbonate acts as a buffer, helping to regulate the body's pH levels. It is essential for various physiological functions. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. Potassium, calcium, and sodium are important minerals in the body but are not components of baking soda or directly responsible for maintaining pH balance in the same way as sodium bicarbonate.

3. Which of the following options correctly orders the numbers below from least to greatest? 235.971, 145.884, -271.906, -193.823

• A. -271.906, -193.823, 145.884, 235.971
• B. -271.906, 235.971, -193.823, 145.884
• C. 145.884, -193.823, 235.971, -271.906
• D. -193.823, -271.906, 145.884, 235.971

Correct answer: A

Rationale: To correctly order the numbers from least to greatest, we start with the smallest number, which is -271.906, followed by -193.823, 145.884, and finally 235.971. Therefore, the correct order is -271.906, -193.823, 145.884, 235.971. Choice A is correct. Choice B is incorrect as it incorrectly places 235.971 before -193.823. Choice C is incorrect as it starts with the largest number, 145.884. Choice D is incorrect as it starts with -193.823, which is not the smallest number in the list.

4. Delta waves, associated with deep sleep, exhibit what frequency range?

• A. 0.5-4 Hz
• B. 4-8 Hz
• C. 8-13 Hz
• D. 13-30 Hz

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Delta waves are slow brain waves associated with deep sleep stages, specifically stages 3 and 4 of non-REM sleep. These waves have a frequency range of 0.5-4 Hz. Choice B (4-8 Hz) refers to theta waves, which are associated with light sleep and relaxation. Choice C (8-13 Hz) corresponds to alpha waves, present during wakeful relaxation. Choice D (13-30 Hz) represents beta waves, seen in active thinking and concentration. Therefore, the correct answer is A because it aligns with the frequency range characteristic of delta waves during deep sleep.

5. What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

• A. Both are double-stranded.
• B. DNA contains deoxyribose sugar, while RNA contains ribose sugar.
• C. RNA contains the nitrogenous base uracil, while DNA contains thymine.
• D. Both are identical molecules.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: A) Incorrect. DNA is double-stranded, but RNA is typically single-stranded. B) Correct. DNA contains deoxyribose sugar, which lacks an oxygen atom on the 2' carbon of the sugar ring, while RNA contains ribose sugar, which has an additional hydroxyl group on the 2' carbon. C) Incorrect. RNA contains the nitrogenous base uracil, while DNA contains thymine. D) Incorrect. DNA and RNA have distinct structures and functions, so they are not identical molecules.

Similar Questions