Nursing Elites

1. What property of a substance measures the amount of matter per unit volume?

• A. Mass
• B. Weight
• C. Density
• D. Volume

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Density is the property of a substance that measures the amount of matter per unit volume. It is calculated by dividing the mass of an object by its volume. Mass refers to the amount of matter in an object, weight is the force of gravity acting on an object, and volume is the amount of space an object occupies. Therefore, in this context, density is the correct answer as it specifically relates to the concentration of matter within a given volume.

2. Which property of a wave remains constant when it crosses a boundary between two different media?

• A. Frequency
• B. Wavelength
• C. Amplitude
• D. Speed

Correct answer: D

Rationale: When a wave crosses a boundary between two different media, its speed is the property that remains constant. This is due to the principle of conservation of energy. While the frequency and wavelength of a wave may change as it moves from one medium to another, the speed of the wave remains constant. This phenomenon is a result of the wave adjusting its frequency and wavelength to maintain a consistent speed in different media. Therefore, choices A, B, and C are incorrect. Frequency and wavelength may change when a wave moves across media, and amplitude may also be affected by the medium, but the speed of the wave will remain constant.

3. Blood type is a trait determined by multiple alleles, with IA coding for A blood, IB coding for B blood, and i coding for O blood being recessive. If an individual with A heterozygosity and an O individual have a child, what is the probability that the child will have A blood?

• A. 25%
• B. 50%
• C. 75%
• D. 100%

Correct answer: B

Rationale: When an A heterozygote individual (IAi) and an O individual (ii) have a child, there are four possible combinations of alleles that the child can inherit: IA from the A parent and i from the O parent; IA from the A parent and i from the O parent; i from the A parent and i from the O parent; i from the A parent and i from the O parent. Out of these combinations, 50% of the offspring will inherit the A allele from the A parent, resulting in A blood type. Therefore, the correct answer is 50%. Choice A is incorrect because the probability is not 25%. Choice C is incorrect as it overestimates the likelihood. Choice D is incorrect as it suggests a certainty which is not the case in genetics.

4. Solve for x in the equation above: (x/y) - z = rw

• A. X = y(z + rw)
• B. X = rw(y - z)
• C. X = rwy + z
• D. X = rwy - z

Correct answer: A

Rationale: To solve for x, first, isolate x by moving the term involving x to one side of the equation. Begin by adding z to both sides of the equation to get (x/y) = rw + z. Then, multiply both sides by y to get x = y(rw + z), which simplifies to x = y(z + rw). Therefore, choice A is correct. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not correctly rearrange the terms in the equation to solve for x.

5. Which of the following punctuation marks is used incorrectly in the sentence? "Otto, somewhat abruptly, got up out of his chair, and just like that, headed into the next room."

• A. The comma after "somewhat"
• B. The comma after "Otto"
• C. The semicolon after "that"
• D. The comma after "chair"

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The semicolon after "that" is used incorrectly; a comma should be used instead. Semicolons are typically used to join two independent clauses without a conjunction. In this sentence, the phrase "just like that" is not an independent clause, so a comma is more appropriate for separating it from the rest of the sentence. Choices A, B, and D all use commas correctly within the sentence.

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