Nursing Elites

1. What is the relationship between the wavelength (λ) and frequency (f) of a wave with a constant speed (v)?

• A. λ = v / f
• B. λ = f / v
• C. λ = vf
• D. λ is independent of f and v

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The relationship between wavelength (λ), frequency (f), and speed (v) of a wave is given by the formula λ = v / f. This formula is derived from the wave equation v = fλ, where v is the speed of the wave, f is the frequency, and λ is the wavelength. By rearranging the equation, we get λ = v / f, indicating that the wavelength is inversely proportional to the frequency when the speed of the wave is constant. Therefore, choice A, λ = v / f, correctly represents the relationship between wavelength and frequency when the speed of the wave is held constant. Choice B, λ = f / v, is incorrect because it represents an inverse relationship between wavelength and speed, which is not the case. Choice C, λ = vf, is incorrect as it implies a direct relationship between wavelength, frequency, and speed, which is not accurate. Choice D, λ is independent of f and v, is incorrect as both frequency and speed affect the wavelength of a wave, as shown by the correct formula λ = v / f.

2. What does 'monophyletic' mean in the context of classification?

• A. A group with a single representative organism
• B. A group with diverse and unrelated members
• C. A group with similar functions but different origins
• D. A group descended from a common ancestor

Correct answer: D

Rationale: In the context of classification, 'monophyletic' refers to a group that includes a common ancestor and all of its descendants. This group shares a single evolutionary origin and forms a complete branch on a phylogenetic tree. Monophyletic groups are considered natural and valid taxonomic units because they reflect evolutionary relationships accurately. Option D is the correct choice as it accurately defines the term 'monophyletic' in the context of classification. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. Choice A is incorrect because 'monophyletic' does not refer to a group with a single representative organism but rather a group descended from a common ancestor. Choice B is incorrect as a monophyletic group consists of related, not diverse and unrelated, members. Choice C is incorrect as a monophyletic group includes descendants from a common ancestor, not just organisms with similar functions but different origins.

3. What is a reaction between an acid and a base known as?

• A. Precipitation
• B. Neutralization
• C. Oxidation-reduction
• D. Photolysis

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Neutralization. When an acid and a base react, they neutralize each other's properties, resulting in the formation of water and a salt. Choice A, 'Precipitation,' refers to the formation of a solid from a solution during a chemical reaction. Choice C, 'Oxidation-reduction,' involves the transfer of electrons between reactants. Choice D, 'Photolysis,' is a reaction where a compound is broken down into smaller components by light energy. Therefore, the most appropriate term for a reaction between an acid and a base is neutralization.

4. What happens to the frequency of a wave when its wavelength is doubled, assuming the speed remains constant?

• A. Frequency remains the same.
• B. Frequency is halved.
• C. Frequency is doubled.
• D. Frequency information is insufficient to determine.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: When the wavelength of a wave is doubled, and the speed of the wave remains constant, the frequency of the wave is halved. This relationship is governed by the equation speed = frequency x wavelength. Therefore, if the wavelength is doubled while the speed remains constant, the frequency must be halved to maintain a constant speed. Choice A is incorrect because frequency and wavelength are inversely proportional when speed is constant. Choice C is incorrect as doubling the wavelength does not result in a doubled frequency. Choice D is incorrect as the relationship between frequency, wavelength, and speed can be determined using the given information.

5. How many ounces are in a pound?

• A. 8 ounces
• B. 16 ounces
• C. 32 ounces
• D. 12 ounces

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 16 ounces. There are 16 ounces in a pound. This conversion is a common measure of weight in the imperial system. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not reflect the correct conversion of ounces in a pound.

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