Nursing Elites

1. What is the author’s tone in the passage?

• A. The author’s tone is optimistic.
• B. The author’s tone is pessimistic.
• C. The author’s tone is matter-of-fact.
• D. The author’s tone is angry.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The author's tone in the passage is matter-of-fact. The text provides practical suggestions and advice in a straightforward manner, focusing on actions without expressing emotions or bias. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because the author does not show signs of being optimistic, pessimistic, or angry; instead, the author presents information objectively and neutrally.

2. What is the difference between active and passive immunity?

• A. Active immunity is short-lived, while passive immunity is long-lasting.
• B. Active immunity involves the body's own immune response, while passive immunity provides immediate protection through antibodies from another source.
• C. Active immunity only protects against bacterial infections, while passive immunity works against both bacteria and viruses.
• D. Passive immunity requires repeated vaccinations, while active immunity is a one-time process.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Active immunity involves the body's own immune response, where the individual's immune system produces antibodies in response to exposure to a pathogen or vaccine. This type of immunity is long-lasting because the immune system 'remembers' the pathogen and can mount a rapid response upon re-exposure. In contrast, passive immunity provides immediate protection through the transfer of pre-formed antibodies from another source, such as through maternal antibodies crossing the placenta or receiving antibodies through an injection. Passive immunity is short-lived because the transferred antibodies eventually degrade and are not produced by the recipient's immune system. Choice A is incorrect because active immunity is generally long-lasting, as it involves the production of antibodies by the individual's immune system. Choice C is incorrect as both active and passive immunity can work against various pathogens, not limited to bacteria or viruses. Choice D is incorrect as passive immunity does not require repeated vaccinations but provides temporary protection through the transfer of antibodies from an external source.

3. Solve the system of equations. Equation 1: 2x + y = 0 Equation 2: x - 2y = 8

• A. (1.8, 3.6) and (-1.8, -3.6)
• B. (1.8, -3.6) and (-1.8, 3.6)
• C. (1.3, 2.6) and (-1.3, -2.6)
• D. (-1.3, 2.6) and (1.3, -2.6)

Correct answer: B

Rationale: From Equation 1: 2x + y = 0. Solve for y: y = -2x. Substitute y = -2x into Equation 2: x - 2(-2x) = 8. Simplify to x + 4x = 8, then 5x = 8, and x = 8 ÷ 5 = 1.6. Substitute x = 1.6 back into y = -2x to find y = -3.2. Therefore, one solution is (1.6, -3.2). To find the second solution, use -1.6 for x to get (-1.6, 3.2). Thus, the correct answer is B, representing the solutions (1.8, -3.6) and (-1.8, 3.6). Choices A, C, and D contain incorrect values that do not match the solutions derived from solving the system of equations.

4. Which of the following is NOT mentioned by the author as a reason to visit Carl’s Car Depot?

• A. They are offering lifetime warranties on new cars.
• B. The sale will only last one day.
• C. They have the lowest prices in town.
• D. They are offering no money down and low monthly payments.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The author does not mention that Carl's Car Depot is offering lifetime warranties on new cars as a reason to visit. The mentioned reasons include the one-day sale, lowest prices in town, and the offering of no money down and low monthly payments. The extract clearly states that the focus is on the one-day sale, low monthly payments, and the lowest prices available, but there is no mention of lifetime warranties as a reason to visit.

5. What is the primary function of Bartholin's glands?

• A. Secretes hormones that help the body respond to stress
• B. Provide lubrication for the vagina
• C. Helps control growth and development of the body
• D. Stimulate the development of T cells

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Bartholin's glands are two small glands located on each side of the vaginal opening. Their primary function is to secrete fluids that help lubricate the vagina during sexual arousal. This lubrication helps to reduce friction and discomfort during sexual activity, making intercourse more comfortable and pleasurable. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because Bartholin's glands do not secrete hormones to respond to stress, control growth and development, or stimulate the development of T cells. Their main role is specifically related to vaginal lubrication.

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