Nursing Elites

1. What is a submicroscopic entity that is considered nonliving because it lacks cellular structure and consists of nucleic acids encapsulated in a protein coat called a capsid?

• A. Bacteria
• B. Fungus
• C. Virus
• D. Protozoa

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Virus. Viruses are not considered living organisms because they lack cellular structure. Instead, they are composed of nucleic acids (either DNA or RNA) enclosed in a protein coat called a capsid. Bacteria (choice A), fungus (choice B), and protozoa (choice D) are all living organisms with cellular structures, unlike viruses. Therefore, they are incorrect choices for this question.

2. What is the definition of the word haunt in the following passage?

• A. To levitate
• B. To constantly visit
• C. To terrorize
• D. To daunt

Correct answer: B

Rationale: In this context, 'haunt' means to constantly visit a place. Mr. Utterson is repeatedly going over the details of the situation in his mind, engaging with the problem persistently, as seen in the passage. The word does not imply levitation, terrorizing, or daunting in this context, making choices A, C, and D incorrect.

3. What is the term for the pressure exerted by blood against the walls of blood vessels?

• A. Heart rate
• B. Blood pressure
• C. Cardiac output
• D. Stroke volume

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Blood pressure is the term for the pressure exerted by blood against the walls of blood vessels. It is measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg) and consists of two numbers: systolic pressure (the top number) and diastolic pressure (the bottom number). Heart rate (A) is the number of times the heart beats per minute, cardiac output (C) is the volume of blood pumped by the heart per minute, and stroke volume (D) is the volume of blood pumped by the heart in one contraction. Understanding blood pressure is crucial in assessing cardiovascular health and the risk of various conditions like hypertension.

4. Which of the following best describes the peer review process?

• A. It guarantees acceptance of all papers
• B. It requires time and attention to complete
• C. It is a straightforward task
• D. It enables instant publication of papers

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because the peer review process demands time and attention for a thorough evaluation by experts. Choice A is incorrect because peer review does not guarantee acceptance of all papers; rather, it aims to assess the quality and validity of research. Choice C is incorrect as peer review is not always a simple or straightforward task due to the detailed scrutiny involved. Choice D is incorrect because peer review does not allow papers to be published instantly; instead, it involves a rigorous evaluation process before publication.

5. What is the main function of lysosomes?

• A. Breaking down and recycling cellular waste
• B. Storing carbohydrates
• C. Synthesizing lipids
• D. Transcribing DNA into mRNA

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The main function of lysosomes is to break down and recycle cellular waste materials, such as old organelles, foreign substances, and cellular debris. This process is crucial for maintaining cellular homeostasis and proper functioning. Storing carbohydrates (B), synthesizing lipids (C), and transcribing DNA into mRNA (D) are not functions typically associated with lysosomes. Storing carbohydrates is primarily done by other organelles like vacuoles. Synthesizing lipids is a function usually associated with the endoplasmic reticulum and transcribing DNA into mRNA occurs in the nucleus by the process of transcription.

Similar Questions