Nursing Elites

1. If a car travels 150 miles in 3 hours, what is the car's average speed in miles per hour?

• A. 45 mph
• B. 50 mph
• C. 55 mph
• D. 60 mph

Correct answer: B

Rationale: To calculate the average speed, use the formula: Average speed = Total distance / Total time. In this case, Average speed = 150 miles / 3 hours = 50 mph. Therefore, the car's average speed is 50 miles per hour. Choice A (45 mph), Choice C (55 mph), and Choice D (60 mph) are incorrect as they do not match the correct calculation based on the given distance and time values.

2. What does the phrase 'survival of the fittest' refer to?

• A. Organisms with the most complex anatomical structures are more likely to survive and reproduce.
• B. Organisms that demonstrate the best adaptations to their environment have a higher chance of survival and reproduction.
• C. All organisms have an equal probability of survival and reproductive success regardless of their traits.
• D. Only the strongest and most aggressive individuals within a population will survive and reproduce.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The phrase 'survival of the fittest' is often associated with the concept of natural selection, proposed by Charles Darwin. Natural selection is the process by which organisms best adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce, passing on their advantageous traits to the next generation. This process does not necessarily favor the most complex anatomical structures (option A) or the strongest and most aggressive individuals (option D). Instead, it emphasizes the importance of adaptations that enhance an organism's ability to survive and reproduce in a specific environment. Option C is incorrect because natural selection results in differential reproductive success based on an organism's traits, meaning that not all organisms have an equal probability of survival and reproductive success.

3. Which of the following statements represents an EXAGGERATED claim in support of the argument presented in the passage?

• A. In the United States, the foreign language requirement for high school graduation is decided at the state level.
• B. Studying a foreign language has become increasingly important for the global economy.
• C. High school graduates with foreign language credits have been shown to have an increased college acceptance rate.
• D. Students who did not study a foreign language often find themselves unable to obtain a job at all.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: While it is true that studying a foreign language can enhance one's job prospects and competitiveness in the job market, claiming that students who did not study a foreign language often find themselves unable to obtain a job at all is an exaggerated statement. Many factors contribute to employability, and while language skills can be advantageous, they are not the sole determining factor in securing employment.

4. Teddy has been assigned to write a history paper about the United States during the Cold War. What choice of three classes would likely be the most useful?

• A. 100, 300, 700
• B. 100, 300, 800
• C. 100, 400, 900
• D. 200, 300, 900

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Based on the Dewey Decimal System, which is a library classification system, the subjects related to Chomsky's work, which touches on philosophy, social sciences, and history, fall under classes 100, 400, and 900. Therefore, these classes would be the most useful for Teddy's history paper about the United States during the Cold War. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because they do not include the specific classes related to the required subjects for Teddy's paper.

5. Identify the participial phrase in the following sentence: 'Running through the park, she spotted a squirrel.'

• A. Running
• B. Through the park
• C. She spotted
• D. A squirrel

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is 'B: Through the park.' A participial phrase acts as an adjective and is formed from a verb. In this sentence, 'Running through the park' describes 'she' and functions as an adjective modifying the subject. Choice A 'Running' is incorrect because it is just the present participle without additional context to form a phrase. Choice C 'She spotted' is incorrect as it is a subject and a verb, not a participial phrase. Choice D 'A squirrel' is incorrect as it is a noun phrase, not a participial phrase.

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