RN
ATI Nutrition Practice Test B 2019
1. Which client is most likely to need regular injections of vitamin B12?
- A. The client with malabsorption syndrome.
- B. The client following a vegan eating pattern.
- C. The client whose stomach does not produce intrinsic factors.
- D. The client with alcoholism.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. The client whose stomach does not produce intrinsic factors is most likely to need regular injections of vitamin B12. Intrinsic factor is essential for the absorption of vitamin B12. Without intrinsic factor, the client cannot absorb vitamin B12 from food, necessitating the need for regular injections. Choices A, B, and D do not directly impact the production of intrinsic factors in the stomach, so they are less likely to result in the need for vitamin B12 injections.
2. The nurse is completing a nutritional assessment on a client. Which statement made by the client is most concerning to the nurse?
- A. "I notice when I take a vitamin E supplement, I bruise more easily."
- B. "I work nights and rarely go outside during the day."
- C. "I take warfarin, so I need to limit the amount of green leafy vegetables I eat."
- D. "My vitamin supplement has the recommended daily allowance of vitamin A."
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Excessive intake of vitamin E can increase the risk of bleeding as it acts as a blood thinner. Bruising easily may indicate too much vitamin E. Choice B is not as concerning as it describes a lifestyle that may lead to vitamin D deficiency due to lack of sunlight exposure. Choice C shows awareness of the interaction between warfarin and vitamin K, which is expected. Choice D indicates knowledge of the vitamin A content in the supplement, which is not a cause for concern.
3. The nurse is planning education about appropriate protein food choices for a client who has recently been prescribed a renal diet. Which protein food items should the nurse include in the education?
- A. Yogurt, seeds, and lentils
- B. Beef, bacon, and nuts
- C. Peanut butter, beans, and peas
- D. Poultry, eggs, and fish
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Poultry, eggs, and fish. These protein sources are high-quality proteins suitable for a renal diet as they provide essential amino acids without excessive amounts of potassium or phosphorus. Choice A, yogurt, seeds, and lentils, may be high in potassium and phosphorus, which could be restricted in a renal diet. Choice B, beef, bacon, and nuts, are also high in phosphorus and may not be ideal for a renal diet. Choice C, peanut butter, beans, and peas, are high in potassium and phosphorus, making them less suitable for a renal diet.
4. A community health nurse is conducting a class on what to expect during pregnancy. What instruction should the nurse include on weight gain?
- A. Failure to obtain the required weight gain during pregnancy will increase the risk of preterm birth.
- B. An obese client should not gain as much weight as a client with a normal body mass index.
- C. A client with a normal body mass index should plan on gaining 50 pounds.
- D. Clients do not need to eat for two when they are pregnant.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Adequate weight gain during pregnancy is essential as failure to obtain the required weight gain can increase the risk of preterm birth. Choice B is incorrect because it is important for obese clients to gain an appropriate amount of weight during pregnancy, not the same as those with a normal body mass index. Choice C is incorrect as gaining 50 pounds for a client with a normal body mass index is excessive. Choice D is incorrect as the common saying 'eating for two' during pregnancy is a misconception; pregnant individuals do not need to double their caloric intake.
5. The nurse is assessing a client with a new diagnosis of Listeria food poisoning. What action should the nurse take first?
- A. Educate the client on safe food practices.
- B. Start a traceback to identify the source of the outbreak.
- C. Report the case to the county board of health.
- D. Ask the client if they have consumed any unpasteurized products.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct first action for the nurse to take when assessing a client with a new diagnosis of Listeria food poisoning is to inquire if the client has consumed any unpasteurized products. This is crucial because Listeria contamination is often associated with unpasteurized dairy products and undercooked meats. Educating the client on safe food practices (Choice A) is important but not the priority at this initial assessment stage. Starting a traceback to identify the source of the outbreak (Choice B) and reporting the case to the county board of health (Choice C) are necessary actions but should come after gathering information directly from the client regarding potential exposure to high-risk foods.